东祁连山高寒草甸土壤“固-液-气”三相组成对海拔和坡向的响应

李强; 何国兴; 刘志刚; 关文昊; 乔欢欢; 张德罡; 韩天虎; 孙斌; 潘冬荣; 柳小妮

doi:10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2022.03.028

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东祁连山高寒草甸土壤“固-液-气”三相组成对海拔和坡向的响应

更新时间：2026-04-09

- 东祁连山高寒草甸土壤“固-液-气”三相组成对海拔和坡向的响应
- Response of Three-Phase Composition of Soil "Solid-Liquid-Gas" to Altitude and Slope Aspects in Alpine Meadow of the Eastern Qilian Mountains
- 水土保持学报 2022年36卷第3期页码：195-200
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 甘肃农业大学草业学院, 草业生态系统教育部重点实验室, 甘肃省草业工程实验室, 中-美草地畜牧业可持续发展研究中心,兰州,730070
  2. 甘肃省草原技术推广总站,兰州,730000
- 作者简介：
  
  [ "李强(1990-),男,在读博士研究生,主要从事草地资源与生态研究。E-mail:1245524440@qq.com" ]
- 基金信息：
  
  甘肃省草原技术推广总站重点项目(XZ20191225);甘肃省农业财政项目(201647);甘肃省林业与草原局重点项目(GSLC-2020-5)
- DOI：10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2022.03.028
  中图分类号： S154.3
- 网络首发：2022-05-27，
  
  纸质出版：2022
- 稿件说明：
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李强, 何国兴, 刘志刚, 等. 东祁连山高寒草甸土壤“固-液-气”三相组成对海拔和坡向的响应[J]. 水土保持学报, 2022,36(3):195-200.

LI Qiang, HE Guoxing, LIU Zhigang, et al. Response of Three-Phase Composition of Soil "Solid-Liquid-Gas" to Altitude and Slope Aspects in Alpine Meadow of the Eastern Qilian Mountains[J]. 2022, 36(3): 195-200.
李强, 何国兴, 刘志刚, 等. 东祁连山高寒草甸土壤“固-液-气”三相组成对海拔和坡向的响应[J]. 水土保持学报, 2022,36(3):195-200. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2022.03.028.

LI Qiang, HE Guoxing, LIU Zhigang, et al. Response of Three-Phase Composition of Soil "Solid-Liquid-Gas" to Altitude and Slope Aspects in Alpine Meadow of the Eastern Qilian Mountains[J]. 2022, 36(3): 195-200. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2022.03.028.

摘要

为探究不同海拔和坡向下高寒草甸土壤"固—液—气"三相组成变化特征

以东祁连山高寒草甸为研究对象

分析了不同海拔(2 800

3 000

3 200

3 400

3 600

3 800

4 000 m)、坡向(阳坡、阴坡)高寒草甸的植被特征和土壤物理特征

结合植被指标拟合探讨高寒草甸"固—液—气"三相的最佳组成比例。结果表明:植被盖度、草层高度和地上生物量均随海拔升高呈先升高后降低

在海拔3 200 m处达最大值

同一海拔的阴坡植被盖度、草层高度、地上生物量均高于阳坡;土壤容重随海拔和坡向的变化规律与植被盖度相反

而土壤含水量、孔隙度和持水性变化规律与植被盖度类似;经方程拟合发现

土壤"固—液—气"三相比例为31∶33∶36时

高寒草甸生产力最优。综上所述

在海拔3 200 m处是东祁连山高寒草甸分布的中心典型区域

海拔和坡向是影响高寒草甸土壤物理质量和"固—液—气"三相组成的重要环境因子

且该区域高寒草甸土壤"固—液—气"最佳比例为31∶33∶36。

Abstract

In order to explore the variation characteristics of the three phase composition of soil "solid-liquid-gas" in alpine meadow at different altitudes and slope aspects

the alpine meadow in eastern Qilian Mountain was taken as the research object

and the vegetation characteristics and soil physical characteristics of alpine meadow at the different altitudes (2 800

3 000

3 200

3 400

3 600

3 800 and 4 000 m) and aspects (sun slope

shady slope) were analyzed. Combined with vegetation index fitting

the optimal composition ratio of the "solid-liquid-gas" three phase of alpine meadow was explored. The results showed that the vegetation coverage

grass layer height and aboveground biomass increased first and then decreased with the increasing of altitude

and reached the maximum at 3 200 m. At the same altitude

the vegetation coverage

grass layer height and aboveground biomass on the shady slope were higher than those on the sunny slope. The variation law of soil bulk density with altitude and slope aspect was opposite to that of vegetation coverage

while the variation laws of soil water content

porosity and water holding capacity were similar to that of vegetation coverage. After equation fitting

the productivity of the alpine meadow was the best when the soil "solid-liquid-gas" three phase ratio was 31:33:36. In conclusion

3 200 m was the central typical area of the distribution of alpine meadow in the eastern Qilian Mountains. The altitude and slope aspect were important environmental factors affecting the soil physical quality of the alpine meadow and the "solid-liquid-gas" three-phase composition. The optimum ratio of "solid-liquid-gas" in meadow soil in this area was 31:33:36.

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